after adding ions, 40 students scored higher on reasoning, short-term memory and verbal tasks in poorly ventilated, high-CO₂ air (Guo et al., 2023).
Energy & focus
Can ions sharpen the mind?
A handful of studies have looked at attention, memory and reasoning in ion-rich air. The results are interesting and early, and not all of them agree.
responded faster and more accurately on a Stroop task, with matching changes in brain activity, in a 2019 crossover study (Chu et al.).
showed a smaller rise in a stress marker during a 40-minute computer task in a small 2002 study.
The studies
- Early
The effects of negative air ions on cognitive function: an event-related potential (ERP) study
Chu C-H, et al. · International Journal of Biometeorology 63(10):1309–17 · 2019
Crossover, n = 39 young adults
Participants were faster and more accurate on a Stroop task under negative ions, with EEG changes. A single small, unreplicated study.
- Early
Effect of negative air ions on computer operation, anxiety and salivary chromogranin A-like immunoreactivity
Nakane H, Asami O, Yamada Y, Ohira H · International Journal of Psychophysiology 46:85–9 · 2002
Crossover, n = 12 female students
A stress marker rose less during a 40-minute computer task with negative ions, with slightly better task performance. Very small study.
- Listeddetails to confirm
Effect of negative ion atmospheric loading on cognitive performance in human volunteers
Andrade AC, Fernandes C, Verghese L, Andrade C · Indian Journal of Psychiatry 34(3):253–9 · 1992
Human volunteer study (design and size to confirm)
Looked at cognitive performance under negative-ion “loading”. A summary of its results is still to be added.
- Early
Effects of increasing indoor negative air ions on cognitive performance and health of high pure CO₂ level-exposed college students
Guo, et al. · Indoor Air · 2023
Experiment, 40 college students, four conditions (500 or 2,500 ppm CO₂, with and without negative ions)
After one hour, adding negative ions was linked to better reasoning, short-term memory and verbal scores, including at 2,500 ppm CO₂. There was no significant effect after three hours.